Decreased bone density - Wellspring Medical

What is decreased bone density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where the bones become weaker and have lower density, making them more prone to fractures. This happens when new bone tissue cannot be created as fast as the old bone is lost.

There are several risk factors that can lead to decreased bone density:

• Age - As we get older, bone loss speeds up due to hormonal changes and less physical activity
• Gender - Women are more prone to osteoporosis after menopause when estrogen levels drop
• Family history - Having close relatives with osteoporosis puts you at higher risk
• Low calcium intake - Not getting enough calcium can prevent bone growth and cause loss of bone mass
• Inactivity - Lack of exercise, especially weight-bearing activities, contributes to weaker bones
• Smoking and alcohol - These accelerate bone loss

Some key signs and symptoms of decreased bone density include:

• Fractures or breaks, especially in the wrist, spine, and hip, after minor falls or accidents
• Stooped posture and loss of height over time
• Back pain due to fractured or collapsed vertebrae
• Tooth loss or loose teeth

To diagnose this, doctors often do a bone mineral density (BMD) test using specialized X-ray machines to check bone thickness in the lower spine and hip. They may also test for blood levels of vitamin D.

The main ways to prevent and treat decreased bone density are:

Get adequate calcium (around 1,200 mg daily) and vitamin D (600 IU daily) Perform regular weight-bearing exercises like walking, jogging, tennis Avoid substance abuse and quit smoking Take bone-strengthening medications if prescribed

Detecting and addressing decreased bone density early is crucial to halt bone deterioration. With certain lifestyle changes and follow-ups, one can still rebuild bone mass strength, even in old age. Maintaining bone health is vital to avoid painful and debilitating fractures due to frail bones.